Difference between revisions of "Tics"
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treatment. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015 Jun;62(3):687-701. | treatment. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015 Jun;62(3):687-701. | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:20, 21 November 2016
Tics are quick, irregular but repetitive, stereotyped movements that are seemingly purposeful and involve a group of muscles in their normal synergistic relationships.(1,2) Concentration may suppress a tic temporarily but it quickly returns when attention is diverted. Voluntary suppression causes a sense of intolerable mounting tension and an urge to move that is temporarily relieved by indulgence in a tic. Tics are exaggerated by emotional strain and tension; they cease during sleep. Common simple motor tics include repetitive blinking, facial contortions, or shoulder shrugging. More complex tics can occur. Vocal tics often produce bizarre vocalizations, such as barking and grunting or sounds resembling a hiccup.Tics are very common and usually benign; patients with Tourette’s syndrome have exaggerated, complex tics, vocal tics, compulsive behavior and often have coprolalia (involuntary cursing).(3,4) The large repertoire of tics and the combination of motor and vocal tics distinguish Tourette's syndrome from ordinary tics. This patient had severe, multifocal, simple and complex tics and involuntarily shouted obscenities. He compulsively picked at his nose, enough to cause skin breakdown.
References
1. Campbell WW. DeJong's the neurologic examination, 7th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013. 2. Campbell WW. Clinical signs in neurology : a compendium. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health, 2016. 3. Hallett M. Tourette Syndrome: Update. Brain Dev. 2015 Aug;37(7):651-5. 4. Serajee FJ, Mahbubul Huq AH. Advances in Tourette syndrome: diagnoses and treatment. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2015 Jun;62(3):687-701.
