MediaWiki API result

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            "30": {
                "pageid": 30,
                "ns": 0,
                "title": "Risus Sardonicus",
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                        "*": "[[File:Risus sardonicus.jpg|thumb|right]]\nA classical sign of Wilson\u2019s disease, risus sardonicus is a form of facial dystonia producing a fixed smiling or grinning expression in the absence of any mirth or humor.(1-4) It has been described as an \u201cevil-looking\u201d grin. This patient was a 27 year old man with a 10 year history of Wilson\u2019s disease, who also had a [[Striatal Toe|striatal toe]]. Risus sardonicus also occurs in MSA, thalamic hemorrhage, tetanus and strychnine poisoning. For a video of excessive grinning in Wilson's disease [http://www.neurology.org/content/73/14/e73/suppl/DC1 see Cetlin].(1) \n\n==References==\n1. Cetlin RS, Rodrigues GR, Pena-Pereira MA, Oliveira DS, Souza CP, Tumas V. Teaching video neuroimages: excessive grinning in Wilson disease. Neurology 2009; 73(14):e73.\n\n2. Cohen R. Risus sardonicus. Int J Infect Dis 2014 Mar;20:79\n\n3, Sibon I, Burbaud P. Risus sardonicus after thalamic haemorrhage. Mov Disord. 2004;19:829-31. \n\n4. Wenning GK, Geser F, Poewe W. The 'risus sardonicus' of multiple system atrophy. Mov Disord 2003;18:1211. \n\n[[Category:Motor Signs]]"
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            "178": {
                "pageid": 178,
                "ns": 0,
                "title": "Romberg's sign",
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                        "*": "<embedvideo service=\"youtube\" Alignment=\"right\">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xpVYU1UUkDc</embedvideo>Romberg's sign is a comparison of balance with eyes open and eyes closed, exploring for imbalance due to proprioceptive sensory loss.(1) When proprioception is disturbed, the patient may be able to stand with eyes open, but sways or falls with eyes closed. The patient stands with the feet as close together as will allow the maintenance of eyes open balance.  Normally, closing the eyes causes at most a transient and minor loss of balance. In patients with impaired proprioception, eye closure produces increased swaying or frank loss of balance with the necessity to take a step to regain it, and rarely a near fall. The Romberg is a sensitive posterior column sign; it is not a cerebellar sign.(2) \n\tThis patient developed vitamin B12 deficiency due to a previous gastrectomy for carcinoma of the stomach.(3,4) He was never placed on B12 replacement or had his B12 levels monitored. Intrinsic factor, produced in the stomach, is necessary for B12 absorption in the terminal ileum. Several years later he presented with imbalance and examination showed impaired position and vibration sense and a positive Romberg sign. His B12 level was 65, markedly reduced.\n\n==References==\n\n1. Lanska, DJ and Goetz, CG. Romberg's sign: development, adoption, and adaptation in the 19th century. Neurology. 2000; 55:1201-1206.\n2. Meyer MA. Romberg sign: sensory dysfunction, not cerebellar disease.\nGeriatrics. 1998;53:10. \n3. Verma R, Praharaj HN, Khanna VK, Garg RK, Singh MK, Malhotra HS. Study of\nmicronutrients (copper, zinc and vitamin B12) in posterolateral myelopathies. J\nNeurol Sci. 2013;329:11-6. \n4. Hu Y, Kim HI, Hyung WJ, Song KJ, Lee JH, Kim YM, Noh SH. Vitamin B(12)\ndeficiency after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: an analysis of clinical patterns\nand risk factors. Ann Surg. 2013;258:970-5.\n\n[[Category:Sensory Signs]]"
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